阿牛滴Blog: 2017

2017年4月11日星期二

Git commands

Settings

git config --global user.name "Your name"
git config --global user.email "Youremail@xxx.xx"
git config --global core.editor "vim"

Checking & Help

git config --list
git help
git help add

Create local repository and initial the project.

cd FirstApp
git init
git add * or git add *.java or git add AndroidManifast.xml
git add .gitignore
https://github.com/github/gitignore
git commit -m "Initial Project Version"
git status
change a file, i.g AndroidManifast.xml
git diff // diff the file in working sapce
git add AndroidManifast.xml
git diff --cached // diff the file in staged state
git commit -a -m "Change comment added 2"
git add DeletedMe.txt
git rm -f DeleteMe.txt // -f will remove from staged state and also delete file from workspace
git rm --cached DeleteMe.txt // it just remove from staged state, the file still exist
git mv DeleteMe.txt Delete.txt // rename the file name.
git log --pretty=oneline
git log --pretty=format:"%h : %an : %ar : %s" // abbreviation, author, time, comment
git log
git log -p - 2 // show last two changes
git log --stat
git log --since=1.w
git log --since="2014-04-12"
git log --author="Author name"
git log --before="2014-04-13"

Undo comment

git add DeleteMe.txt
git commit -m "Random Change"
git commit --amend // allow you to undo previous comment.

Un-staged the file

git add Delete.txt
git reset HEAD Delete.txt

Git, remote, Repositories, GitHub, Push, Pull, aliases and Tags

cd FirstApp
git init
git add .
git commit -m "First Project Version"
git remote add origin https://github.com/youraccount/your_project_on_git_hub
git push origin master // then input the account and password on github
git remote -v

origin https://github.com/youraccount/xxx.git (fetch)
origin https://github.com/youraccount/xxx.git (push)

git fetch origin
git pull https://github.com/youraccount/xxx.git
git add .gitignore
git commit -m "Add .gitignore for Android"
git add Andoridmanifest.xml
git commit -m "Changed Android Manifest Comment"
git push
git remote -v

origin https://github.com/youraccount/xxx.git (fetch)
origin https://github.com/youraccount/xxx.git (push)

git remote rename origin sf
git remote -v

sf https://github.com/youraccount/xxx.git (fetch)
sf https://github.com/youraccount/xxx.git (push)

git tag // to check all tag in current branch
git tag -a v0.2 -m "Version v0.2"
git show v0.2
git push sf v0.2 // push single tags onto github, you can check release tab to see the information on github websit.
git push sf --tags // push all tags onto github

Create a short cut command

git config --global alias.co commit
git add .
git co -m "Demostrate Alias"

git clone

cd google_pacman
git clone https://github.com/xxxxx/google_pacman.git

branch

git branch fix20 // create fix20 branch
git checkout fix20 // switch to fix20 branch
git checkout -b fix20 // create fix20 branch and switch to it
git checkout master // switch to main branch
git push origin fix20 // push the branch onto github, you can check branch tab on github website.
git checkout -b fix20 origin/fix20 // pull the fix20 branch from github
git branch // check the branch status

fix20
*master

git branch --merged // check merged branch
git branch --no-merged // check unmerged branch
git branch -v
git merge fix20
git branch -d fix20 // delete fix20 branch, delete the merged branch
git branch -D fix20 // delete fix20 branch which is unmerged.
git push origin :fix20 // delete fix20 branch on github

git branch: check current local Repo branches
i.e:
$git branch
master

git branch -r : check remote repo branches
i.e:
$git branch -r
origin/HEAD -> origin/master
origin/cleanup
origin/master

git checkout -b <local branch name> <remote branch name>
i.e:
$git branch -b cleanup origin/cleanup
Use git branch to check current branch on your local repo

git checkout <local branch name>: switch local branch
i.e:
$git branch
*cleanup
master

'*' indicate which branch you are using
$git checkout master $git branch cleanup
*master
Now you are using master branch.

2017年3月30日星期四

Virtualbox 如何拷貝/貼上文字從Host 到 Guest OS

Go to VirtualMachine's Settings->General->Advanced->Shared Clipboard (Bidirectional)

[參考]

How to copy & paste from Ubuntu VirtualBox guest to Windows host?

2017年3月29日星期三

如何在 Ubuntu 中自動掛載 virtualbox 的 Shared Folders

利用 Virtualbox 安裝 Guest OS 為 Ubutun 14.04 後，如何自動掛載 Shared Folders? PS: 要使用 Shared Folders 必須先安裝 Guest Additions。

設定 Shared Folders 為 Auto-mount, 當你設定為 Auto-mount後，預設載入點為 "/media/sf_[Folder Name]"，但是你不是 root 或者 vboxsf 群族的使用者，沒有權限瀏覽這些目錄；所以必須把目前的使用者加入到 vboxsf 群組中，加入的方法可以使用下列指令，加入後必須先logout 再 login，完成後可以透過 id 指令檢查是否加入到 vboxsf 群組中。

tmp@tmp-linux:~$ sudo gpasswd -a tmp vboxsf

修改 /etc/rc/rc.local，加入下列內容, Folder_Name 為利用 virtualbox 所設定的分享目錄名稱， your_mount_point 則為你像要掛載的路徑例如: /home/userName/folderName,預設會是使 root 帳號，目前使用只可以瀏覽無法變更。

mount -t vboxsf -o Folder_Name your_mount_point

修改 /etc/fstab，這個我沒有試過，請參考 How to mount a VirtualBox shared folder at startup?

Ubuntu 如何啟用,停用 root 帳號與切換為 root 使用者

Ubuntu 如何登入為ROOT使用者

Ubuntu 原本的 root 是預設尚未設定密碼(不是空白密碼), 第一次使用root的話使用sudo passwd root指令, 若之前尚未使用sudo執行其他指令, 此時一樣會提示你輸入你的使用者密碼(sudo確認身份用的).
當此密碼通過後, sudo會執行後面的指令, 也就是用root權限執行 passwd root(修改root密碼), 跟著系統提示輸入兩次root密碼後就將root密碼改成功了!

tmp@tmp-linux:~$ sudo passwd root
[sudo] password for tmp: 
Enter new UNIX password: 
Retype new UNIX password: 
passwd: password updated successfully

以後若不想用 sudo 而想直接用 root 權限的話就使用 su - 切換進 root 身份即可

tmp@tmp-linux:~$ su -
Password: 
root@tmp-linux:~#

若要檢查 root 帳號是否有被啟動，可以下面指令查詢如果是啟動的狀態第二欄位會顯示 P, 否則顯是為 L:

tmp@tmp-linux:~$ sudo passwd -S root
root P 03/27/2017 0 99999 7 -1  #如果是 P 為啟動狀態
或者 
root L 03/27/2017 0 99999 7 -1  #如果是 P 為停用狀態

若要停用 root 帳號可以使用

sudo passwd -l root
或者
sudo passwd -p '!' root

2017年4月11日 星期二